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Range of motion - Range of motion or (ROM), as used in the medical community, is a measurement of movement through a particular joint or muscle range. It may be passive (a caregiver or therapist moves the joint)or active (the individual moves the joint themselves).
Joint stiffness - Joint stiffness may be either the symptom of pain on moving a joint, the symptom of loss of range of motion or the physical sign of reduced range of motion. Doctors prefer the latter two uses but patients often use the first meaning.
Joint lock - A joint lock (in Japanese, 関節技 kansetsu-waza) is the general term for martial arts and grappling techniques involving manipulation of the joints. These typically involve isolating an opponent's limb and forcing the joint to move past its normal range of motion (generally hyperextension rather than hyperflexion).
Bell measurement - The Bell measurement is an important concept in quantum information science: It is a joint quantum-mechanical measurement of two qubits that determines in which of the four Bell states the two qubits are in.
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